Od malih boginja 75 zaraženih, nema epidemije
Niko od oboljelih nije dobio teže komplikacije od malih boginja, a stručnjaci tvrde da se takve posljedice i smrtni slučajevi, iako zabilježeni u regionu i statistici, mogu spriječiti.
U Crnoj Gori je do prošlog utorka bilo 75 osoba zaraženih malim boginjama, od kojih je sedmoro bilo na bolničkom liječenju. Sami broj, kažu u Institutu, iako ima ključnu ulogu nije preduslov da se proglasi epidemija.
“Donošenje naredbe o proglašenju epidemije nije jednostavan niti prost proces i ne postoji jasno zacrtana niti definisana granica u vidu broja oboljelih ispod kojeg epidemija postoji, a iznad kojeg – postoji”, piše u odgovoru.
Iz Instituta su kazali da je za donošenje odluke o epidemiji potrebno da se sagleda i čitav niz parametara. To su izvor obolijevanja (uvozni ili domaći slučajevi), teritorijalna rasprostranjenost po opštinama, mjesto obolijevanja (lokalna zajednica, kolektiv, dječja ustanova), uzrast oboljelih i njihov vakcinalni status, veličina osjetljive populacije, težina kliničke slike i učestalost komplikacija, odsustvovanje sa posla ili iz škole i vrtića), stepen opterećenosti zdravstvenog sistema.
Od 75 oboljelih, sedmoro je prošlog utorka bilo na bolničkom liječenju.
Iz Instituta su rekli da je gotovo kod svakog trećeg oboljelog infekcija bila praćena dijarejom, a nešto rjeđe upalama pluća i padom broja trombocita koji su dovodili do pojave spontanog krvarenja po koži i sluzokožama.
“Iako se nadamo da nećemo ni vidjeti teške ishode, vjerovatnoća da će se nakon infekcije virusom morbila razviti upala mozga sa teškim i doživotnim posljedicama kod osoba koje prežive je jedan na 1.000. Smrtnost u razvijenom svijetu danas iznosi jedan ili dva slučaja na 1.000 oboljelih. Sve ove brojke mogu da budu uspješno spriječene imajući u vidu da vakcina protiv morbila postoji 40 godina”, kazali su iz Instituta.
Najviše oboljelih u Crnoj Gori, više od 38 odsto, su djeca uzrasta od 12 mjeseci do pet godina, od kojih niko nije vakcinisan. Slijede odrasli stariji od 26 godina (29,33 odsto oboljelih), pa bebe koje još nijesu napunile godinu, a koje i nijesu mogle da budu vakcinisane zbog uzrasta i čija je zaštita zavisila od kolektivnog imuniteta, kažu iz Instituta. Preostali oboljeli su djeca koja pohađaju osnovnu i srednju školu i mlađi odrasli. Iz Instituta je saopšteno da je 93,15 odsto oboljelih nevakcinisano ili bez ikakvog podatka o vakcinaciji, dok je samo petoro oboljelih vakcinisano ranije u životu.
Vrh obolijevanja dostignut je u Srbiji, Grčkoj, Italiji i Rumuniji. U Srbiji je do četvrtka oboljelo 4.702 ljudi, 505 je imalo teške komplikacije, dok je 13 umrlo.
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